जंगलों की आवाज़, पत्थरों की ज़ुबानी: Indian Art mein Wildlife ka Safar
Kabhi aankhein band karke socho, ek hathi ka chingaad jo kisi purani gufa mein goonj raha hai. Ya phir, ek मोर ki pankhon ka rang, jo kisi raja ki pagdi par chamak raha hai. Waqt ki dhool mein dabi yeh kahaniyan, Indian art mein wildlife ki presence ko darshati hain. Humare desh ki kala mein, sirf insaan hi nahi, jaanwar bhi equally important rahe hain. Aao, chalte hain ek safar par, jahaan pathhar bhi bolte hain aur rang bhi jeevan ki dastaan sunate hain.
Itihasic Prism mein Jungle: Wildlife kyun? Kab? Kahan?
Wildlife, yaani jangal ke jeev-jantu, humari संस्कृति aur इतिहास ka ek अभिन्न अंग rahe hain. Unki tasveerein, unki kahaniyan, humari zindagi se judi hui hain. Yeh art form, Indus Valley Civilization se shuru hota hai, around 3300 BCE. Indus Valley ke seals mein, pashuon ki images milti hain – bulls, elephants, rhinos. Phir Mauryan Empire aaya (322-185 BCE), jahan Ashok ke pillars par lions aur bulls ko darshaya gaya. Unke baad, Gupta era (320-550 CE) mein classical art ka naya daur shuru hua, jahan animals ko aur bhi grace aur reality ke saath dikhaya gaya.
Lekin yeh sirf aesthetic appreciation nahi thi. Janwaro ka depiction, religious significance bhi rakhta tha. Devtao ke vahana (mounts) aksar janwar hote the. Lakshmi ka hathi, Durga ka sher, Shiva ka nandi – yeh sabhi unki shakti aur characteristics ko darshate the. Wildlife, rajaon ke liye hunting aur shikar ka bhi symbol tha. Hunting scenes, shurveerta aur raj-shakti ko display karte the.
Zameeni Sach: Raja, Praja, aur Janwar
Socho, Mauryan Empire ka samay. Ashok, apne haathi par sawar hokar, jungle mein ja rahe hain. Unke saath soldiers hain, aur jungle ke beech mein, ek shikar ki talash hai. Woh hunting trip sirf shikar ke liye nahi thi, balki apne logo ko power dikhane ka bhi ek tareeka tha.
“Maharaj ki jai ho!” – soldiers ki awaaz jungle mein goonjti hai.
Gupta period mein, mandiron mein dancers, walls par बने animals ko dekhkar nach rahe hain. Unke movements animals ki grace aur power ko replicate karte hain. Ma Rukmini ne aaj naye kapde pehne, kyunki mandir mein utsav tha aur woh bhagwaan Vishnu (जिनका वाहन गरुड़ है) ki bhakti mein lin hain.
Artisans, jo gufaon mein baithe hain, pathhar par haathi aur ghode ki tasveeren bana rahe hain. Unke haathon mein chisel aur hammer hai, aur woh dhyaan se har detail ko capture kar rahe hain. Woh jaante hain ki unki art, आने वाली peedhiyon ke liye ek legacy banegi.
Dharohar aur Pehchaan: Aaj bhi Dil mein Zinda
Aaj bhi, Indian art mein wildlife ek zinda element hai. Madhubani paintings mein, animals aur birds ke motifs commonly used hote hain. Warli art mein bhi, animals ko daily life ka part dikhaya jata hai. Textiles mein bhi, animals ki embroidery aur prints bahut popular hain. Even Bollywood movies mein, animals ko symbolism ke taur par use kiya jata hai.
Bharatiyata (Indianness) ki baat karein toh, wildlife humare connection to nature ko represent karta hai. Humare scriptures mein, animals ko respect aur reverence ke saath treat karne ki baat ki gayi hai. Yeh humari eco-consciousness ka part hai, jo aaj bhi relevant hai.
Mazedar Tathya ya Bhram-bhanjak
Log samajhte hain ki wildlife paintings sirf decorative hote hain, lekin asli sach yeh hai ki yeh paintings humare social, religious, aur political beliefs ko bhi darshate hain. Example ke taur par, Mughal paintings mein hunting scenes, rajaon ki authority aur skill ko dikhate hain. Yeh paintings sirf art nahi, balki history ke documents bhi hain.
Ek aur interesting fact: Ajanta caves mein jo paintings hain, woh sirf religious themes par nahi hain. Unmein animals, birds, aur jungle ki scenes bhi bahut vivid aur detailed hain. Yeh paintings humein us samay ke environment aur biodiversity ke bare mein bhi bahut kuch batati hain.
Drishya aur Bhavnayein
Imagine, aap Ajanta caves mein khade hain. Andar ki hawa thandi aur nami se bhari hui hai. Diwaron par bane hue rang aaj bhi chamak rahe hain, jaise kal hi banae gaye hon. Hathi, ghode, aur pakshi jaise jeevan se bharpoor hain. Aapko aisa lagta hai jaise aap jungle mein khade hain, aur animals aapke aas pass ghoom rahe hain. Temple walls ko sparsh karke aisa lagta hai, jaise aap waqt ke saath khud bhi jud gaye hain.
Antim Vichar ya Uddharan
Indian art mein wildlife ka safar, ek aisi journey hai jo humein apne itihas, apni sanskriti, aur apni dharti se jodti hai. Yeh humein yaad dilati hai ki humara jeevan, prakriti ka ek hissa hai, aur humein iska sammaan karna chahiye.
“या देवी सर्वभूतेषु शक्तिरूपेण संस्थिता,
नमस्तस्यै नमस्तस्यै नमस्तस्यै नमो नमः॥”
(Ya Devi Sarvabhuteshu Shakti-rupena Samsthita,
Namastasyai Namastasyai Namastasyai Namo Namah)
May the Goddess who resides in all beings in the form of power, we bow to her, we bow to her, we bow to her. Just like Devi Durga’s shakti is symbolized by the lion, let’s find that inner power to protect our own wild heritage.