Waqt ki Dhool Mein Dabi Shiksha: Ancient Universities ki Kahani
Kabhi socha hai, Nalanda ke dhool bhare aangan mein, ya Takshashila ke khamosh patharon mein, kitni kahaniyan dabi hain? Kitne hi vidhyarthi, apne sapnon ko pankh dene, jnan ki pyaas bujhane, in universities mein aaye aur chale gaye. Unki aahatein ab bhi hawa mein goonjti hain, unki chintaayein, unki khushiyan, unke armaan, sabhi is mitti mein samahit hain. Ye sirf eent aur pattharon ka dher nahi hai, ye hamari dharohar hai, hamari pahchan hai.
Bharat ki Shiksha Parampara: Ek Itihasik Nazariya
Ancient Indian universities, jaise Nalanda, Takshashila, Vikramshila, ye sirf shiksha ke kendra nahi the; ye sanskriti, kala, aur vigyan ke sangam the. Inki sthapana ka maqsad sirf kitaabi gyan dena nahi tha, balki yuvao ko ek behtar insan banana tha.
- What: Ancient Indian Universities
- When and Where: Lagbhag 6th century BCE se lekar 12th century CE tak – predominantly in present-day India and Pakistan.
- Why Important: Ye universities duniya bhar se vidhyarthiyon ko aakarshit karte the, ek global hub of learning the. Inhone Bharat ko jnan aur darshan ke maamle mein vishva guru banaya.
In universities mein grammar, philosophy, medicine, astronomy, aur various arts padhaye jaate the. Nalanda mein, humein pata chalta hai ki Buddhism aur Hindu darshan ka adhyayan ek saath hota tha, jo Bharat ki dharmik sahishnuta ka ek pratik hai. Takshashila, jahan Chanakya ne shiksha grahan ki, political science aur economics ke liye prasiddh tha.
Zameeni Sach: Vidhyarthi aur Guru ki Zindagi
Imagine a young student, let’s call him Aarav, traveling for weeks, even months, to reach Nalanda. Woh apni family se door, apne ghar ki yaad mein tadapta hai, lekin uske dil mein gyan prapti ki aag bhadak rahi hai. Subah suraj ki pehli kiran ke saath, woh mantra padhta hai, guru ke pravachan sunta hai, aur din bhar pustakon mein dubaa rehta hai.
Ek aur chehra yaad aata hai – Acharya Shantiprabha. Unka chehra jnan aur anubhav se chamakta hai. Woh Aarav ko nahi sirf kitabi gyan dete hain, balki use jeewan ka arth bhi samjhate hain. Woh use batate hain ki jnan ko kaise samajh dari se istemal karna hai, kaise dusron ki seva karni hai. “Beta,” woh kehte hain, “vidya woh Shakti hai jo tumhe andhere se ujale ki taraf le jaati hai, lekin us Shakti ka prayog sadaiv dharma ke saath karna.”
Dharohar aur Pahchan: Aaj ke Bharat Mein
Aaj, jab hum globalization ki baat karte hain, hum bhool jaate hain ki Bharat ne centuries pehle hi duniya ko ek global village bana diya tha. Nalanda aur Takshashila, is baat ka saboot hain.
Aaj humare educational institutions ko bhi unhi aadarshon par chalna chahiye. Hume sirf degree holders nahi chahiye, humein aise yuvao ki zarurat hai jo gyan ko samajh dari se istemal kar sake, jo apne desh aur duniya ke liye kuch kar sake. Bharatiyata ka matlab hai, apni dharohar ko yaad rakhna, apne aadarshon par chalna, aur ek behtar bhavishya ka nirmaan karna.
Mazedar Tathya ya Bhram-Bhanjak
Log samajhte hain ki Nalanda sirf ek Buddhist university thi. Lekin asli sach yeh hai ki Nalanda mein Hindu darshan aur grammar bhi padhaya jata tha. Isse pata chalta hai ki Bharat mein shiksha, dharmik aadhaar par nahi, balki gyan ke aadhaar par hoti thi. Sabhi ko shiksha ka adhikaar tha, bina kisi bhedbhav ke.
Drishya aur Bhavnaayein
Imagine the scent of sandalwood and incense wafting through the air as you enter the ruins of Nalanda. You can almost hear the chants of the monks and the rustling of palm leaves as students pore over ancient texts. The sun beats down on the red brick structures, warming your skin and filling you with a sense of awe and reverence. The silence is broken only by the chirping of birds and the gentle breeze rustling through the trees.
Antim Vichar ya Uddharan
“Vidya dadati vinayam, vinayaad yaati paatrataam, paatratvaat dhanam aapnoti, dhanaat dharmam tatah sukham.”
(Knowledge gives humility, from humility comes worthiness, from worthiness one gets wealth, from wealth one does good deeds, and from that comes happiness.)
Ye shloka humein yaad dilata hai ki shiksha ka maqsad sirf naukri paana nahi hai, balki ek achha insan banana hai. Aur yehi, ancient Indian universities ka bhi maqsad tha. Unki kahani ab bhi humein prerna deti hai, aur humein ek behtar bhavishya ki taraf le jaati hai.